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After the completion of the spatial analysis, synthesis studies were carried out because the intervention regions for the vision and strategies could be determined on the analytical plane. The methods used in the synthesis and which methods are used according to the themes are given below.

You can access the synthesis report here.

Synthesis Themes

Metodology

The Relationship between Green Space and Socio-Demographic-Cultural Structure

Problem Areas in terms of Access and Sufficiency According to Vulnerable Population

While determining the vulnerability in the city; child population, elderly population and disabled population parameters were taken into account. Each parameter was scored in itself, its weights were considered equally and the average was calculated, and the vulnerability score per unit area was calculated.

Unit areas that are problematic in terms of both access and sufficiency according to the vulnerable population are mostly located in Bağcılar, Esenyurt, Gaziosmanpaşa, Küçükçekmece, Pendik, Sancaktepe, Sultanbeyli and Ümraniye districts. These areas were found in 36 of 39 districts, but not in Adalar, Çatalca and Şile districts.

Green Area and Environmental-Ecological Structure Relationship

Ecological Corridors Critical for Natural Ventilation

Ventilation provides cleaning and transport of polluted air. Height, wind corridors, prevailing wind direction and highways in the prevailing wind direction are important for natural ventilation.

Micro-Climatic (Meso-Climate) Critical Zones

It has been observed that there are micro-scale differences citywide, and that open and green areas are effective in the micro climate. Changes in temperature, precipitation and humidity are observed in the regions where the construction is increased. It is seen that the climatic data is positive at the points where the construction is low and the ratio of open and green areas is high.

Water Resources

Istanbul offers positive data in terms of water resources due to the fact that it has many water basins and generally permeable surfaces in terms of hydrology, and the hydrological function is seen in forest areas.

Flora - Fauna - Vegetation - Biodiversity

According to Noah's Ark National Biodiversity Database shared with the public by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry; There are 2267 taxa in the vascular plants group in Istanbul. Of these taxa, 48 are endemic and 3 are locally endemic.

According to the National Red List Index developed by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry in accordance with IUCN (World Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) criteria, there are 25 endangered species. According to the regional distribution of endangered species; There are 73 on the Terkos Kasatura Coasts in Çatalca and Silivri districts, 14 on Ağaçlı Dunes in Eyüpsultan district, 15 on Kilyos Dunes in Sarıyer district, 19 on West Istanbul Pastures at Sultangazi, Başakşehir and Sazlıdere dams, on the Northern Bosphorus in Sarıyer and Beykoz districts. 36 species are endangered, 13 species in the Sahilköy-Şile Coast and 37 species in the Ömerli Basin.

According to the Noah's Ark National Biodiversity Database, there are a total of 483 vertebrate animal species in Istanbul. 1 out of 8 taxa in amphibians, 4 out of 30 taxa in Reptiles, 8 out of 52 taxa in mammals, 37 out of 355 taxa in birds, 5 out of 38 taxa in inland fish are under threat according to IUCN criteria.

Zones with Blue Green Infrastructure and Ecological Function Efficiency

In the synthesis produced by using the unit area model method, two studies were carried out, including the province-wide and metropolitan settlements, since their activities and characteristics are different and require different forms of intervention.

Throughout the province; A total of eleven variables were used: forest areas, agricultural areas, water surfaces, watershed boundaries, natural protected areas, wildlife development area, important plant area-important nature area, urban green area inventory, hydrogeology, stream lines and flood areas. In the metropolitan settlement area, nine variables were used, excluding agricultural areas and forest areas from the scoring.

Regions with blue green infrastructure and ecological function activity throughout the province;
- on the European side; In Çatalca, Silivri, Sarıyer and Eyüpsultan districts,
- on the Anatolian side; It is concentrated in Beykoz, Kartal and Sultanbeyli districts.

Regions with blue green infrastructure and ecological function activity in the metropolitan settlement area;
- on the European side; In Sarıyer and Eyüpsultan districts,
- on the Anatolian side; It is concentrated in Beykoz, Maltepe, Kartal and Sancaktepe districts.

The Relationship between Green Space and Planning

Priority Zones in terms of Open and Green Space Needs

The inadequacy of the amount of green space per capita, the access problem and the user density were evaluated together, and the zones with the highest need for open and green space in Istanbul were determined.

Unit areas in a large part of the central urban residential area of Istanbul, especially in the districts of Esenyurt, Bağcılar, Bahçelievler, Sultangazi, have been determined as the 1st and 2nd priority regions in terms of open and green space need. The unit areas in Silivri, Çatalca, Arnavutköy, Beykoz, Şile districts with less population and the northern regions of Eyüpsultan and Çekmeköy Districts have emerged as the 3rd priority, which is the lowest priority.

Suitable Areas for Public Acquisition

When the acquisition of public spaces is examined spatially; Areas that do not have construction on them and are under the ownership of IMM or the public come to the fore. The northern regions of Beykoz district, the southern regions of Çekmeköy district and the northern regions of Silivri district are examples of these areas. When the regions within the residential areas are examined; work areas and infrastructure areas that require large area uses come to the fore. Maltepe, Tuzla military areas, Atatürk Airport, Cebeci quarries are the areas with the highest public acquisition score.

The European Side Reserve Building Area and the areas planned as open and green areas in the zoning plans in Esenler district are seen as suitable areas for public acquisition as a result of the study. However, these areas are the areas where Article 18 of the Zoning Law will be applied. In terms of application technique, it is not necessary to seek public ownership or expropriation procedures for the acquisition of open and green areas in these areas. Since the population is low in the current situation of the area, it is not a prominent region in terms of green space need. Since the open and green areas planned here will serve the new population to be attracted to the region, they do not create a potential to meet the current green space need of the city. In addition, the European Side Reserve Building Area, which is aimed to be opened for construction through the Kanal Istanbul project and whose zoning plans have been approved, includes the Sazlıdere Dam, which is important in terms of blue-green infrastructure, and agriculture and forest areas. Preventing urban sprawl in this region, preserving water resources and natural quality are of critical importance in terms of the ecological values of the city.

Need for Open and Green Space and Public Acquisition Evaluation

When the Istanbul provincial borders of the crossover result are examined, it is seen that the areas where the priority of the need for green space and the convenience of public acquisition are 1st degree are scattered within the settlement area. Areas such as the northern regions of Beylikdüzü, Gaziosmanpaşa and Bayrampaşa districts, the border region of Beykoz and Üsküdar districts, and the south of Sarıyer district have been determined as the most suitable areas in terms of public acquisition and the highest priority in terms of green space need.

Sensitive Areas Outside the Residential Area and Priority Response Areas in the Metropolitan Residential Area

While evaluating the metropolitan settlement area; 1st and 2nd degree priority areas in terms of green space need, 1st and 2nd degree priority areas in terms of green space need, 1st and 2nd degree suitable areas in terms of public acquisition of green areas, blue-green infrastructure system in metropolitan settlements and 3rd degree efficiency in terms of ecological function. These regions were used to determine the areas to be intervened in the unit area synthesis model. The blue green infrastructure system affects the unit area synthesis model in the opposite direction compared to the other three variables. Because it will be necessary to intervene in the areas that are weak in terms of blue-green infrastructure in the settlement area, the 3rd degree active areas are included in the unit area synthesis model to get the highest score.

Unit areas outside the metropolitan settlement area and which have sensitive areas in terms of protection-use balance are scored within themselves; The results obtained from a total of 11 variables: forest areas, agricultural areas, water surfaces, watershed boundaries, natural protected areas, wildlife development area, important plant area-important nature area, urban green area inventory, hydrogeology, stream lines and flood areas. was processed into unit areas using

Sensitive areas outside the residential area that arise in terms of protection-use balance and priority needs, priority public acquisition, fragile population, blue-green infrastructure and intervention areas with ecological function in the metropolitan residential area are discussed together. It has been provided as a guide for strategic action plans to be created in the short, medium and long term citywide.

Relationship between Green Areas and Historical, Cultural Heritage and Tourism

Green Areas Registered as Protected Areas

There are green areas in the city that are directly registered as protected areas. These; Abbasağa Park, Yıldız Woods, Emirgan Woods, Big and Small Camlica Woods, Validebağ Woods, Yoghurtçu Park and Florya Atatürk Forest, which serve as a city park; Polonezköy Nature Park, which serves as a recreational forest area, and Danamandıra Nature Park, and Karacaahmet Cemetery, which is classified as a passive green area.

Green Spaces in UNESCO World Heritage Sites

The "Convention on the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage" adopted at the 17th General Conference of UNESCO in 1972, to introduce the cultural and natural assets of superior universal value, which are accepted as the common heritage of all humanity, to the world, and to create the awareness in the society to protect this universal heritage. and to provide the necessary cooperation for the survival of these values, which are deteriorated and destroyed for various reasons.

The "Historical Areas of Istanbul", consisting of four regions, was included in the World Heritage List, which was started to be created by the World Heritage Committee in 1978. These four regions with outstanding universal value; Archaeological Park in Sarayburnu on the Historic Peninsula; Süleymaniye Region with its Süleymaniye Mosque Complex, bazaars and local settlement; It is the site of the Land Walls, which includes the settlement around the current Zeyrek Mosque, formerly the Church of Pantokrator, and the Zeyrek District and the remains of the former Blachernae Palace, which stretched on either side of the Theodosian walls.

Historical Groves

Istanbul is a city that has many palaces, pavilions, groves and parks as a historical heritage. While the groves that have survived until today are usually the gardens of old palaces and mansions, they are wooded areas that were opened to the public and used for recreation in the Republican period.
One of the basic principles of conservation is to recognize, protect and improve the relationship between natural and cultural landscape elements in historical environments. Historic groves are invaluable cultural monuments and urban living environments of today. There are groves in the status of passive and active green areas in Istanbul. All groves were examined in detail in the analysis report. In this section, historical groves that are registered as groves are discussed.

While 12 of the historical groves are actively used for recreation, 8 of them are passive green areas. While making this distinction, public use was taken as a basis; Woods such as Naile Sultan Grove, which is privately owned, or Halide Hanım Grove, which is in public property but not open to the public, are classified as passive. Cemile Sultan Grove and Bağlarbaşı Grove, which are owned by a foundation and can be used with membership; It is a social facility for foundation members, but it has been considered as an active status here, considering that it meets a certain recreational need, albeit for a limited number of people.

Natural and Human Originated Risks in Green Areas

Green areas are at risk due to natural disasters and indirect or direct effects created by human use. In addition to natural disasters such as floods, landslides, erosion, earthquakes, there are also dangers such as loss of green space due to urban sprawl or vandalism. The presence of chaotic situations such as increasing population, dense and uncontrolled construction, and climate change significantly affect the pressure on green areas, their protection and sustainability.

Scope of work; Risk assessments were made for open and green spaces in Istanbul under the headings of climate, flood, fire, landslide, erosion, drought, tsunami, disaster assembly areas, urban sprawl and vandalism.

Surface Temperatures

As a result of the measurements made in 2017, the number of green areas considered at risk (above 370C) is 725, according to the surface temperatures varying between 22-470C throughout the city. Of these, 394 are active green areas and 331 are passive green areas. It is seen that the green areas at risk are mostly concentrated in the European Side, especially in Bağcılar, Gaziosmanpaşa, Esenler and Sultangazi districts.

Urban Sprawl

The urban macroforms of the years 1995 - 2009 - 2014 used in the Istanbul Urban Resilience study completed in 2019, the urban macroform obtained from the land use study of 2022 and the forest areas were superposed and the spatial expansion trends of the city in the historical process were compared.

Looking at the historical process, it can be said that the urban macroform of Istanbul developed in the east-west axis, with the west in the foreground between 1995 and 2009, this development shifted to the north between 2009 and 2014, and the implementations, especially the airport, in the process until 2022, completely oriented towards the north. .

Considering the forest areas covering the north of Istanbul, it is seen that these areas are under constant threat. Until 2022, structuring, which spreads especially in peripheral districts such as Başakşehir, Eyüpsultan, Çekmeköy and Beykoz, is seen as the primary risk for forest areas and green areas in these districts.

Privacy Policy and Personal Data Protection Policy

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1.Website Confidentiality Agreement

The way in which the information we obtain regarding you and the services you request will be used and protected during and after your visit to this website, benefiting from the services we offer through this website and sharing your data with our website, is subject to the conditions set forth in this "Privacy Policy". By visiting https://yaysis.istanbul/ and requesting to benefit from the services we provide through this site, you expressly agree to the terms set forth in this "Privacy Policy".

2.Purpose of personal data protection and processing policy

In accordance with the sensitivity of the services we provide to the people of Istanbul as IBB, the data received by us is kept confidential and has never been shared with third parties. Protection of personal data is the basic policy of IBB. Even before there was any legal regulation, IBB gave great importance to the privacy of personal data and adopted this as a working principle and gave working instructions to its employees in line with this principle. As IBB, we undertake to comply with all responsibilities brought by the Law on the Protection of Personal Data. The principles of IBB regarding the protection of personal data also include the work, transactions and services provided by https://yaysis.istanbul/.

3.Scope and modification of the personal data protection and processing policy

This Policy, prepared by IBB, has been prepared in accordance with the Law on the Protection of Personal Data No. 6698 (“KVKK”). The law is still in effect with all its provisions. The data obtained from you with your consent or in accordance with other laws listed in the Law will be used to improve the quality of the services we provide, to improve the services offered to you and our quality policy. Again, some of the data we have is depersonalized and anonymized. These data are data used for statistical purposes and are not subject to Law enforcement and our Policy. The IBB's Personal Data Protection and Processing Policy aims to protect the automatically obtained data of individuals and includes regulations regarding these.

4.Basic rules regarding the processing of personal data

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d) Being connected, limited and measured for the purpose for which they are processed: IBB only uses the data for the purpose for which they are processed and to the extent required by the service.

e) Retention for the period stipulated in the relevant legislation or required for the purpose for which they are processed: IBB preserves the contractual data as long as the conflict periods of the Law, the requirements of commercial and tax law.

According to article 11 of the Personal Data Protection Law, you have the following rights.

Persons whose personal data are processed, by applying to our contact announced by https://yaysis.istanbul/, regarding their own data;
a) Learning whether your personal data is processed,
b) If personal data has been processed, requesting information about it,
c) Learning the purpose of processing personal data and whether they are used in accordance with the purpose,
ç) Knowing the third parties to whom personal data is transferred at home or abroad,
d) Requesting correction of personal data in case of incomplete or incorrect processing,
e) Requesting the deletion or destruction of personal data within the framework of the conditions stipulated in the law,
f) Requesting notification of the transactions made pursuant to subparagraphs (d) and (e) to third parties to whom personal data has been transferred,
g) Objecting to the emergence of a result against the person herself by analyzing the processed data exclusively through automated systems ,
ğ) In case of loss of personal data due to unlawful processing of personal data, it has the right to demand the compensation of the damage.
IBB respects these rights.

5.Deletion of personal data

Our company deletes, destroys or anonymizes this data upon the request of the person concerned, when the legally required periods to be kept, the completion of judicial processes or other requirements are no longer valid.

6.Accuracy and data timeliness

As a rule, all kinds of data such as photographs, videos and audio within the body of IBB are processed as declared by the relevant persons. IBB or our subsidiary companies do not have to investigate the accuracy of the data declared by the people, and this cannot be done legally and due to our working principles. The declared data is considered correct. The principle of accuracy and timeliness of personal data has also been adopted by IBB.

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Personal data is confidential IBB and its subsidiaries comply with this confidentiality. Only authorized persons can access personal data within IBB. All necessary technical and administrative measures are taken to protect the personal data collected by IBB and to prevent it from falling into the hands of unauthorized persons. In this framework, it is ensured that the software complies with the standards, that the third parties are carefully selected and that the data protection policy is complied with within the IBB.

8. Data processing purposes

The collection and processing of IBB personal data will be carried out in line with the purposes specified in the clarification text. Data is collected and processed for the purpose of establishing the contract and providing better service to individuals.

9. Visitors and business and solution partners data

a. Business and Business Partners Data

IBB adopts the principle of acting in accordance with the law when sharing data with both business and solution partners. Data is shared with business and solution partners with the commitment of data confidentiality and only as much as the service requires, and these parties are compelled to take measures to ensure data security.

b. Advertising data processing

In accordance with the Law on the Regulation of E-Commerce and the Regulation on Commercial Communications and Commercial Electronic Messages, e-mails for advertising purposes can only be sent to persons with prior approval. The explicit consent of the person to whom the advertisement is sent is required. Again, IBB complies with the details of the "approval" determined in accordance with the same legislation. The approval to be obtained should cover all commercial electronic messages sent to the electronic communication addresses of the recipients in order to promote the services of IBB, market it, promote its business or increase its recognition with content such as congratulations and wishes. This approval can be obtained in writing, in the physical environment or by any electronic means of communication. The important thing is that the buyer has a positive declaration of will that he accepts the sending of commercial electronic messages, his name and surname and his electronic communication address.

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Personal data may be processed in line with the service offered by the company and its legitimate purposes. However, the data cannot be used for illegal services in any way.

e. Processing of special data

According to the Law, data regarding the race, ethnic origin, political opinion, philosophical belief, religion, sect or other beliefs, disguise and dress, membership to associations, foundations or unions, health, sexual life, criminal convictions and security measures, and biometric and genetic data is personal data of special nature. IBB also takes adequate measures in the processing of special categories of personal data. In order to provide better services, IBB can only process special data with the consent of individuals for the purpose for which they were collected.

f. Data processed by automated systems

IBB acts in accordance with the Law on data processed through automatic systems. The information obtained from these data cannot be used against the person without the explicit consent of the people. However, IBB can make decisions about the people it will process using the data in its own system.

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By applying https://yaysis.istanbul/ as the data owner;

-Learning whether your personal data is processed,
-If your personal data has been processed, requesting information about it,
-Learning the purpose of processing your personal data and whether they are used in accordance with the purpose,
-Knowing the third parties to whom your personal data is transferred in the country or abroad,
-Requesting correction of your personal data in case of incomplete or incorrect processing and requesting notification of the transactions made within this scope to the third parties to whom your personal data has been transferred,
-Requesting the deletion or destruction of your personal data in the event that the reasons requiring it to be processed disappear, although it has been processed in accordance with the Law No,
-Objecting to the emergence of a result against you by analyzing your processed data exclusively through automated systems,
-You have the right to demand the compensation of the damage in case you suffer damage due to the unlawful processing of your personal data.

If you submit your requests regarding your rights listed above to IBB in accordance with the application procedures stipulated in the Communiqué on Application Procedures and Principles to the Data Controller, IBB will conclude your request free of charge as soon as possible, depending on its nature, and within 30 (thirty) days at the latest. However, if the transaction requires an additional cost, the IBB may charge the fee in the tariff determined by the Personal Data Protection Board.

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10. Data of our employees

a) Processing of data for business relationship

Personal data of our employees can be processed without consent to the extent necessary in terms of business relations and health insurance. However, IBB ensures the confidentiality and protection of the data of its employees.
b) Processing by Legal Obligations

IBB may process the personal data of its employees without obtaining separate approval in order to clearly state the processing in the relevant legislation or to fulfill a legal obligation determined by the legislation. This issue is limited to the obligations arising from the law.

c) Processing for the Benefit of Employees

IBB may process personal data without obtaining approval for transactions that benefit company employees, such as private health insurances. IBB may also process employee data for disputes arising from business relations.
d) Processing of special data

According to the Law, data regarding the race, ethnic origin, political opinion, philosophical belief, religion, sect or other beliefs, disguise and dress, membership to associations, foundations or unions, health, sexual life, criminal convictions and security measures, and biometric and genetic data is personal data of special nature. Our company also takes adequate measures determined by the Board, in addition to the approval of the person concerned, in the processing of sensitive personal data. Special categories of personal data can only be processed without the consent of the person, only in relation to the cases permitted by the Law and in a limited manner. In order for our employees to benefit from insurance and health services, the qualified data obtained from them is used only for the purpose.

e) Data processed by automated systems

The data processed by automatic systems regarding employees can be used in promotions and performance evaluations within IBB. Our employees have the right to object to the result against them and they do this by following the internal procedures of IBB. The objections of the employees are also evaluated within the IBB.

f) Telecommunications and internet

Computers, telephones, e-mails and other applications allocated to the employees within the IBB are allocated to the employees only for business purposes. The employee cannot use any of these vehicles allocated to him by IMM for his private purposes and communication. IBB can control and audit all data on these vehicles. The employee undertakes that he/she will not keep any other data or information other than work on the computer, phones or other tools allocated to him from the moment he/she starts the job.

11. Transfer of personal data in and out of the country

Personal data can be shared with business and solution partners and IBB affiliates so that the service can be seen by IBB.

IBB will be able to transfer personal data to the following individuals and institutions for certain purposes; » Limited to IBB business partners in order to ensure the fulfillment of the purposes of the establishment of the business partnership,

» To the suppliers of IBB on a limited basis, in order to ensure that the services that IBB outsources from the supplier and that are required to carry out the commercial activities of IBB are provided to IBB,

» Limited to ensuring the execution of commercial activities of IBB that require the participation of affiliates, to IBB solution partners,

» To IBB affiliate companies.

IBB has the authority to transfer personal data within the country and abroad, in accordance with the other conditions in the Law and subject to the consent of the person, within the conditions determined by the law.

Individuals do not have a right to anonymized data within the company. IBB may share personal data with relevant institutions and organizations in order to exercise the legal powers of a judicial duty or state authority in accordance with the business and contractual relationship.

12. Privacy Policy

The data of employees or other persons in https://yaysis.istanbul/ is confidential. No one can use, copy, reproduce, transfer to others, use this data for any other purpose without compliance with the contract or the law.

13. Transaction security

All necessary technical and administrative measures are taken to protect the personal data collected by IBB and to prevent it from falling into the hands of unauthorized persons. In this framework, it is ensured that the software complies with the standards, that the third parties are carefully selected and that the data protection policy is complied with within the IBB. Safety measures are constantly being renewed and improved.

14. Audit

IMM carries out the necessary internal and external audits on the protection of personal data.

15. Notice of Violations

When IBB is notified of any breach of personal data, it takes immediate action to remedy the breach. When personal data is obtained by unauthorized persons, it immediately notifies the Personal Data Protection Board.

THE ISTANBUL METROPOLITAN MUNICIPALITY

Planning Approach